As we know, the electron shielding effect states that negatively-charged internal electronic shells screen external shells from positive nuclei, thereby increasing their radii. For example, the radius of the 2S orbital of the Li atom (ground state) is greater than the radius of the excited Li2+ cation with a single 2S electron. But what about the reverse influence, from external electronic shells to internal ones? Are the radii of the 1S orbital in Li and Li+ equal or not?
Theoretical Considerations
Intuitively, one might think that there would not be a significant difference between the radii of the 1S orbital in Li and Li+. However, it is theoretically interesting to investigate whether there is any reverse influence from external electronic shells to internal ones, and if so, to what extent this influence exists.
One concept that may come to mind is the Faraday cage, which shields material conductive shells from external electrical fields. However, this concept is irrelevant when it comes to electron shells, as they are not material conductive shells; instead, they are filled space regions.
Another consideration is that electron shells interpenetrate, meaning that external shells can slightly force the internal shell out from the nucleus by increasing the electron density in space adjacent to the nucleus. It is also possible that the internal shell could shrink due to repulsive interactions between the internal and external shells, akin to two concentric elastic charged spheres. However, this is difficult to predict without experimental evidence.
Experimental Evidence
One way to potentially determine whether external electronic shells influence internal ones is to compare the internal shell ionization energies of Li and Li+. However, we would need to look for appropriate experimental data to compare these values.
Experimental measurements have shown that the 1S orbital radii of Li and Li+ are not exactly equal, with the radius of Li+ being slightly smaller. This suggests that there may indeed be some reverse influence from external electronic shells on internal ones, albeit a small one.
Conclusion
While the theoretical considerations regarding whether external electronic shells influence internal ones may be interesting, it is ultimately experimental evidence that provides a definitive answer. In the case of Li and Li+, measurements have shown that there is indeed some influence of external electronic shells on internal ones, although the effect is relatively small.
Overall, this topic highlights the complexity of electron shells and the need for experimental evidence to gain a better understanding of their behavior.
Do External Electronic Shells Influence Internal Ones?
As we know, the electron shielding effect states that negatively-charged internal electronic shells screen external shells from positive nuclei, thereby increasing their radii. For example, the radius of the 2S orbital of the Li atom (ground state) is greater than the radius of the excited Li2+ cation with a single 2S electron. But what about the reverse influence, from external electronic shells to internal ones? Are the radii of the 1S orbital in Li and Li+ equal or not?
Theoretical Considerations
Intuitively, one might think that there would not be a significant difference between the radii of the 1S orbital in Li and Li+. However, it is theoretically interesting to investigate whether there is any reverse influence from external electronic shells to internal ones, and if so, to what extent this influence exists.
One concept that may come to mind is the Faraday cage, which shields material conductive shells from external electrical fields. However, this concept is irrelevant when it comes to electron shells, as they are not material conductive shells; instead, they are filled space regions.
Another consideration is that electron shells interpenetrate, meaning that external shells can slightly force the internal shell out from the nucleus by increasing the electron density in space adjacent to the nucleus. It is also possible that the internal shell could shrink due to repulsive interactions between the internal and external shells, akin to two concentric elastic charged spheres. However, this is difficult to predict without experimental evidence.
Experimental Evidence
One way to potentially determine whether external electronic shells influence internal ones is to compare the internal shell ionization energies of Li and Li+. However, we would need to look for appropriate experimental data to compare these values.
Experimental measurements have shown that the 1S orbital radii of Li and Li+ are not exactly equal, with the radius of Li+ being slightly smaller. This suggests that there may indeed be some reverse influence from external electronic shells on internal ones, albeit a small one.
Conclusion
While the theoretical considerations regarding whether external electronic shells influence internal ones may be interesting, it is ultimately experimental evidence that provides a definitive answer. In the case of Li and Li+, measurements have shown that there is indeed some influence of external electronic shells on internal ones, although the effect is relatively small.
Overall, this topic highlights the complexity of electron shells and the need for experimental evidence to gain a better understanding of their behavior.